The Sayings of
Muhammad
by Sir Abdullah Al-Mamun
Al-Suhrawardy
Before we reproduce these
selected sayings of the Prophet Muhammad, pbuh, it would be appropriate to
quote from "The
Preservation of the Original Teachings of Islam" from Introduction to
Islam by Dr. Hamidullah, to indicate how during the time of the Prophet,
p.b.u.h. himself, his words were written down and compiled with his
permission and how such great care was taken to preserve the accuracy. For
instance, Hanaf, a Companion of the Prophet, p.b.u.h. used to unroll sheets of
documents and say: "these are the sayings of the Prophet, which I have noted and
then also read out to him [the holy Prophet] to correct any
mistakes."
83. At-Tirmidhi reports: One day an Ansarite
(Madinan Muslim) complained to the Prophet that he had a weak memory and that
he forgot quickly the Prophet's instructive discourses. The Prophet replied:
Take the aid of thy right hand (i.e., write it down).
84. A large number of sources (at-Tirmidhi, Abu-Dawud, etc.)
narrate that 'Abdallah ibn 'Amar ibn al-'As, a young Meccan, had the habit of
writing all that the Prophet used to say. One day his comrades rebuked him,
saying that the Prophet was a human being, he could sometimes be happy and
satisfied, at other times annoyed or angry, and that it was not desirable that
one should note indiscriminately all that he uttered. 'Abdallah went to the
Prophet and asked him if one could note all that he said. He replied, "Yes."
To be accurate, 'Abdallah persisted: "Even when thou art happy and satisfied,
even when thou art angry?" The Prophet said: "Of course, by God! Nothing that
comes out of this mouth is ever a lie." 'Abdallah gave his compilation the
name of Sahifa Sadiqah (the book of truth). For several generations it was
taught and transmitted as an independent work; it was later incorporated into
the larger collections of the Hadith compiled by Ibn Hanbal and others.
Ad-Darimi and Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam reported: Once this same Abdallah had his
pupils around him and somebody asked: Which of the two cities will be captured
by Muslims first, Rome or Constantinople? Abdallah caused an old box to be
brought to him, took a book out of it, and after having turned its pages for
awhile, read as follows: "One day when we were sitting around the Prophet to
write down what he was saying, someone asked him: Which of the two cities will
be captured first, Rome or Constantinople? He replied: The city of the
descendants of Heraclius." This narration definitely proves that the
Companions of the Prophet were interested even during his lifetime in writing
down his very words.
85. More important is the case of Anas. Anas was one of the
rare Madinans who could read and write when he was only ten years old, was
presented, by his devoted parents, to the Prophet as his personal attendant.
He did not quit the company of the Prophet till he died. Remaining night and
day in his house, Anas had the opportunity of seeing the Prophet and hearing
from him that which was not practicable for others. It is Anas who reports the
saying of the Prophet: "Capture science by means of writing." In later times,
one of the pupils of Anas reports: "If we insisted (another version states 'if
we were numerous') Anas would unroll sheets of documents and say: These are
the sayings of the Prophet of which I have noted and also read out to him to
correct any mistakes." This important statement speaks not only about the
compilation during the lifetime of the Prophet, but also of its collation and
verification by the Prophet. The case is cited by numerous classical
authorities, such as ar-Ramhurmuzi (d. about 360 H.), al-Hakim (d. 405),
al-Khatib al-Baghdadi (d. 463), and these great traditionists cite earlier
sources.
In
the Introduction to The Sayings of Muhammad, Abdullah
Al-Suhrawardy, unfortunately does not give individual citations of where and in
what collection of Hadiths, he collected the sayings of the Prophet, p.b.u.h.
However, in the introduction to the book, he does say "This small selection from
the authentic (i.e. Sahih) utterances of the Prophet cannot claim
to be a fair sample of the whole. . . " Now, thousands of sayings have been
attributed to the Prophet Muhammad, p.b.u.h. Some are accepted as authentic
(i.e. Sahih) and some have been traced to the Companions. Whereas others
are debatable. The serious Islamic scholar may wish to examine The Qur'an along
with other sources for these Sayings (Hadith) and should consult the
Sihah Sitta [the six Collections of Sahih Ahadith
(Traditions of the Prophet, p.b.u.h.)] for their own satisfaction. The
following quotation from one Tradition will explain the position which Prophet
Muhammad, p.b.u.h. intended to assign to Ahadith (Prophetic
Traditions):
I have left you two
things, and you will not go astray as long as you hold them fast. The one is
the book of God, and the other the law (Sunnah) of His
Prophet."
Consequently, Prophet Muhammad, p.b.u.h. gave very special injunctions
respecting the faithful transmission of his sayings. "I. With reference to
the character of those who have handed down the tradition:
(1) Hadisu
's-Sahih, a genuine tradition, is one which has been handed down by
truly pious persons who have been distinguished for their
integrity.
(2)
Hadisu 'l-Hasan, a mediocre tradition, is one the narrators of
which do not approach in moral excellence to those of the Sahih
class.
(3)
Hadisu 'z-Za'if, a weak tradition, is one whose narrators are of
questionable authority.
The disputed claims of narrators
to these three classes have proved a fruitful source of learned discussion,
and very numerous are the works written upon the subject.
Out of these three classes of
Hadith (Traditions) the first two are generally accepted without any
hesitation. As to Hadisuz-Zaif, of the class number 3, it has to be
borne in mind that the 'questionable authority' of narrators of such Hadith
reflects only such a minor flaw in the character of the narrator that it was
still 'sound' and 'authentic' (Sahih) enough to qualify for inclusion
in the seven Sahih collections of Traditions (Sihah Sitta). Even
the very highly technical and the most severe "rules of audit" used for such
classification purposes did not warrant rejection of such "Zaif"
Traditions. For this reason, these Tradition are also acceptable and are not
rejected outright -- particularly if the compiler of Sahih books expressly
states that it is included as a Zaif Tradition. For a detailed discussion of
this subject we refer our readers to the great authoritative works of Shah
Waliu-Allah, a highly recognized authority in the science of
Hadith.
Even Imam Ibn Hanbal (who is
known to be a very strict and meticulous, with the care he used to take in
sorting the acceptable from the non-acceptable Traditions) on one occasion
conceded to a close friend of his (who himself was a learned scholar in
Hadith and had lent a certain collection of Hadith
compiled by himself in a book form to Imam Ibn Hanbal.) Iman Hanbal kept the
book for quite a while for study and critique. When he returned the book back
to his friend, Imam Ibn Hanbal remarked that the book contained a number
Zaif Ahadith! Whereupon, his friend remarked that the purpose of
compiling this book was not to present a collection from a technical grading
and classification purpose, but rather with a view to make them available to
the general public for their guidance and benefit. Imam Hanbal then expressly
stated his opinion to the effect that yes indeed the public can derive a great
deal of profit from it. "As a matter of fact, thanks to you, I have myself
benefited from it."
Now readers who are interested in further
study of the grading and classification with regards to the original relaters of
the Hadith and the links in the chain of narrators of the Traditions and other
matters of interest and details are referred to an article entitled "Traditions"--
Editor
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In God's Name, the Merciful, the
Compassionate
According to Abu Dawood these four Sayings of The Prophet contain the
summary of Islamic law:
- Actions will be judged according
to intentions.
- The proof of a Muslim's sincerity
is that he payeth no heed to that which is not his business.
- No man is a true believer unless
he desires for his brother that which he desires for himself.
- That which is lawful is clear,
and that which is unlawful likewise, but there are certain doubtful things
between the two from which it is well to abstain.
Abstinence
- Remember the Lord in retirement
from the people and make prayer thy sleep, and hunger thy food.
- Kill not your hearts with excess
of eating and drinking.
- Illumine your hearts with hunger,
and strive to conquer yourself with hunger and thirst; continue to knock on
the gates of paradise by hunger.
- The world is sweet in the heart,
and green to the eye; and verily God hath brought you, after those who went
before you: then look to your action, and abstain from the world of
wickedness.
- The nearest to me are the
abstinent, whoever they are, wherever they are.
- A keeper of the fast, who doth
not abandon lying and detraction, God careth not about his leaving off eating
and drinking.
- A man once said to Muhammad, "O
Messenger of God, permit me to become a Eunuch." He said, "That person is not
of me who maketh another a eunuch, or becometh so himself; because the manner
in which my followers become eunuchs is by fasting and abstinence." The man
said permit me to retire from society, and to abandon the delights of the
world." He said, "The retirement that becometh my followers is to live in the
world and yet to sit in the corner of a mosque in expectation of
prayers."
- A man while fasting must abstain
from all bad expressions and must not even resent an injury.
- Torment not yourselves, lest God
punish you.
- There is no monasticism in
Islam.
- S'ad b. Abi Wakkas said: The
apostle forbade Uthman b. Mazun from avoiding marriage: and if he had
permitted that to him, we would have become eunuchs."
- The man I most emulate is a
Muslim unencumbered; a man of small family, and little money, a performer of
prayers and a perfect worshipper of God in private, one who is unknown, and
hath enough to supply his wants, and when he dieth, he will leave few women to
cry for him, and few legacies.
- Keep fast and eat also, stay
awake at night and sleep also, for verily there is a duty on you to your body,
not to labour overmuch, so that ye may not get ill and destroy yourselves; and
verily there is a duty on you to your eyes, ye must sometimes sleep and give
them rest; and verily there is a duty on you to your wife, and to your
visitors and guests that come to see you; ye must talk to them; and nobody
hath kept fast who fasted always; the fast of three days in every month is
equal to constant fasting: then keep three days' fast in every
month.
Adultery
- When a man committeth adultery,
Iman (Faith) leaveth him; but when he leaveth such evil ways, Iman will return
to him.
- The adultery of the eye is to
look with desire on the wife of another; and the adultery of the tongue is to
utter what is forbidden.
- Ye followers of Muhammad, I swear
of God, there is not anything which God so abhors, as adultery.
- Every eye is an adulterer; and
every woman perfumeth herself, and goeth to an assembly where men are, wishing
to show herself to them, with a look of lasciviousness, is an
adulteress.
Aged
Persons
- To every young person who honours
the old, on account of their age, may God appoint those who shall honour him
in his years.
- Verily, to honour an old man is
showing respect to God.
Alms-giving
- The best of alms is that which
the right hand giveth, and the left hand knoweth not of.
- The best of almsgiving is that
which springeth from the heart, and is uttered by the lips to soften the
wounds of the injured.
- Almsgiving is duty unto you. Alms
should be taken from the rich and returned to the poor.
- There are seven people whom God
will draw under His own shadow, on the day when there will be no other shadow;
one of them a man who hath given alms and concealed it, so that his left hand
knew not what his right hand did.
- Muhammad said, "It is
indispensable for every Muslim to give alms." The Companions asked, "But if he
hath not anything to give?" He said, "If he hath nothing, he must do a work
with his hand, by which to obtain something and benefit himself; and give alms
with the remainder." They said, "But if he is not able to do that work, to
benefit himself and give alms to others?" The Rasul (Muhammad) said, "Then he
should assist the needy and the oppressed." They asked, "What if he is not
able to assist the oppressed?" He said, "Then he should exhort people to do
good." They asked, "And if he cannot?" He said, "Then let him withhold himself
from doing harm to people; for verily that is as alms and charity for
him."
- The people of the Rasul's house
killed a goat, and the Rasul enquired, "What remaineth of it?" A'isha said,
"Nothing but its shoulder; for we have sent the rest to the poor and
neighbours." The Rasul said, "The whole goat remaineth except its shoulder;
that is, that remaineth which ye have given away, and what ye have kept in the
house is frail."
- The angels asked, "O God! Is
there anything of Thy creation stronger than rocks?" God said, "Yes; iron is
stronger than rocks, for it breaketh them." The angels said, "O Lord! Is there
anything of Thy creation stronger than iron?" God said, "Yes; fire is stronger
than iron, for it melteth it." And the angels said, O defender! Is there
anything of Thy creation stronger than fire?" God said, "Yes; water overcometh
fire; it killeth it and maketh it cold." Then the angels said, "O Lord! Is
there anything of Thy creation stronger than water?" God said, "Yes; wind
overcometh water: it agitateth it and putteth it in motion." They said, "O our
cherisher! Is there anything in Thy creation stronger than wind?" God said,
"Yes, the children of Adam, giving alms; that is, those who give with their
right hands and conceal if from their left, they overcome all."
- The most excellent of alms is
that of a man of small property, which he has earned by labour, and from which
he giveth as much as he is able.
- Giving alms to the poor hath the
reward of one alms; but that given to kindred hath two rewards; one, the
reward of alms, the other the reward of helping relations.
- A man's first duty should be to
his own family, if poor.
Animals
- Fear God, in treating dumb
animals and ride them when they are fit to be ridden and get off them when
they are tired.
- An adulteress passed by a dog at
a well; and the dog was holding out his tongue from thirst, which was near
killing him, and the woman drew off her boot, and tied it to the end of her
garment, and drew water for the dog, and gave him to drink; and she was
forgiven for that act.
- A woman was punished for a cat
which she tied till it died from hunger. She gave the cat nothing to eat, nor
did she set it at liberty so that it might find some food.
- "Are there rewards for doing good
to quadrupeds, and giving them water to drink?" Muhammad said, "Verily there
are heavenly rewards for any act of kindness to a live animal."
- Verily God hath one hundred
loving kindnesses; one of which he hath sent down amongst man, quadrupeds, and
every moving thing upon the face of the earth: by it they are kind to each
other, and forgive one another; and by it the animals of the wilds are kind to
their young; and God hath reserved ninety-nine loving kindnesses by which he
will be gracious to His creatures on the last day.
- A young man came before the Rasul
with a carpet and said, "O Rasul! I passed through a wood and heard the voices
of young birds; and I took and put them into my carpet; and their mother came
fluttering around my head, and I uncovered the young, and the mother fell down
upon them, then I wrapped them up in my carpet; and there are the young which
I have." Then the Rasul said, "Put them down." And when he did so, their
mother joined them: and Muhammad said, "Do you wonder at the affection of the
mother towards her young? I swear by Him who hath sent me, verily God is more
loving to His creatures than the mother to these young birds. Return them to
the place from which ye took them, and let their mother be with
them."
Backbiting
- Backbiting vitiates ablution and
fasting.
Beauty
- Muhammad said, "That person will
not enter Paradise who hath one atom of pride in his heart." And a man present
said, "Verily, a man is fond of having good clothes, and good shoes." Muhammad
said, "God is Beauty and delighteth in the beautiful; but pride is holding man
in contempt."
Begging
- Every man who shall beg, in order
to increase his property, God will diminish it.
- Verily God loveth a Muslim with a
family, who is poor, and witholdeth himself from the unlawful and from
begging.
- Whoso openeth unto himself the
door of begging, God will open unto him the door of poverty.
- Verily it is better for any of
you to take your rope and bring a bundle of wood upon your back and sell it,
in which case God guardeth your honour than to beg of people, whether they
give or not; if they do not give, your reputation suffereth, and you return
disappointed; and if they give, it is worse than that, for it layeth you under
obligation.
- Whoever hath food for a day and a
night, it is prohibited for him to beg.
- Verily it is not right for the
rich to ask, nor for a strong, robust person; but it is allowed for the
indigent and the infirm.
- "May I beg from people, O
Messenger of God, when necessitous?" Muhammad said, "Do not beg unless
absolutely compelled, then only from the virtuous."
Benefits
- There are two benefits, of which
the generality of men are the losers, and of which they do not know the value,
health and leisure.
Charity
- Charity that is concealed
appeaseth the wrath of God.
- Prayers lighten the heart, and
charity is proof of Iman (Faith), and abstinence from sin is perfect
splendour; the Koran is a proof of gain to you, if you do good, and it is a
detriment to you if you do wrong; and every man who riseth in the morning
either doeth that which will be the means of his redemption or his
ruin.
- Charity is a duty unto every
Muslim. He who hath not the means thereto, let him do a good act or abstain
from an evil one. That is his charity.
- When you speak, speak the truth;
perform when you promise; discharge your trust; commit not fornication; be
chaste; have no impure desires; withhold your hands from striking, and from
taking that which is unlawful and bad. The best of God's servants are those
who when seen, remind of God; and the worst of God's servants are those who
carry tales about, and do mischief and separate friends, and seek for the
defects of the good.
- Whoso hath left debt and
children, let him come to me; I am their patron, I will discharge his debt and
befriend his children.
- Every good act is
charity.
- Doing justice between two people
is charity; and assisting a man upon his beast, and lifting his baggage is
charity; and pure, comforting words are charity; and answering a questioner
with mildness, is charity; and removing that which is an inconvenience to
wayfarers, such as thorns and stones, is a charity.
- Every good act is charity; and
verily it is a good act to meet your brother with and open countenance, and to
pour water from your own water bag into his vessel.
- Your smiling in your brother's
face is charity; and your exhorting man to virtuous deeds is charity; and your
prohibiting the forbidden is charity; and your showing men the road, in the
land in which they lose it, is charity; and your assisting the blind is
charity.
Chastity
- Modesty and chastity are part of
the faith.
Christians and
Jews
- Muhammad once referred to strife,
and said, "It will appear at the time of knowledge leaving the world." Zaid
said, "O Messenger of God, how will knowledge go from the world, since we read
the Koran, and teach it to our children, and our children to theirs; and so on
till the last day?" Then Muhammad said, "O Zaid, I supposed you the most
learned man of Medina. Do the Jews and Christians who read the Bible and the
Evangel act on them?"
- Do not exceed bounds in praising
me, as the Christians do in praising Jesus, the son of Mary, by calling him
God, and the son of God; I am only the Lord's servant; then call me the
servant of God and His messenger.
- When the bier of anyone passeth
by thee, whether Jew, Christian or Muslim, rise to thy feet.
Cleanliness
- Were it not for fear of troubling
my disciples, verily I would order them to clean their teeth before every
prayer.
- God is pure and loveth purity and
cleanliness.
Compassion
- When the child (of Zainab) was
brought to Muhammad, dying; its body trembling and moving; the eyes of the
Apostle of God shed many tears. And Sa'd said, "O Messenger of God! What is
the weeping and shedding of tears?" Muhammad replied, "This is an expression
of the tenderness and compassion, which the Lord hath put into the hearts of
His servants; the Lord doth not have compassion on and commiserate with His
servants, except such as are tender and full of feeling."
- The Apostle of God wept over Sad
b. Ubadah. And he said, "Have not you heard that the Lord doth not punish on
account of shedding tears, not from sobs of the heart from the afflicted?" He
is not of the people of our way who slappeth his cheeks and teareth his
collar, and mourneth like the mournings of Ignorance [i.e., loud lamentations,
wailings, slapping the cheeks, etc., but not the silent grief of the
heart].
- There is no reward but Paradise
for a Muslim who suffereth with patience when the soul of his affectionate
friend is taken.
- Once Muhammad went together with
some of his Companions to Abu Yusuf, a blacksmith who was the husband of the
nurse of Muhammad's son Ibrahim. And the Apostle of God took Ibrahim and
kissed him and embraced him. On another occasion they went to see Ibrahim,
when he was in his dying moments. The eyes of Muhammad were fixed, and flowed
with tears; and Abd-al-Rahman, son of Auf, said to the Messenger of God, "Do
you weep and shed tears, O Apostle of God?" He said, "O son of Auf, these are
tears of compassion, and feeling due to the dead." After that he shed tears
again, and said, "Verily my eyes shed tears and my heart is afflicted, and I
say nothing but what is pleasing to my Benefactor; for verily, O Ibrahim, I am
melancholy at being separated from thee."
- Muhammad said, "Do you think this
woman will cast her own child into the fire?" Those present said, "No."
Muhammad said, "Verily God is more compassionate on His creatures, than this
woman on her own child."
- When one of the family of
Muhammad died, and the women assembled, crying over the corpse, Umar stood up
to prevent them from crying, and drive them away: but Muhammad said, "Let them
alone, O Umar, because eyes are shedding tears; and the heart is stricken with
calamity and sorrowful; and the time of misfortune near and fresh; and the
crying of women is without wailing."
Conscience
- A man asked Muhammad what was the
mark whereby he might know the reality of his faith. Muhammad said, "If thou
derive pleasure from the good which thou hast performed and thou be grieved
for the evil which thou hast committed, thou art a true believer." The man
said. "In what doth a fault really consist?" Muhammad said, "when action
pricketh thy conscience, forsake it."
- All actions are judged by the
motive prompting them.
Contentment
- Riches are not from an abundance
of worldly goods, but from a contented mind.
- When you see a person, who has
been given more than you in money and beauty; then look to those who have been
given less.
- Look to those inferior to
yourselves, so that you may not hold God's benefits in contempt.
- God loveth those who are
content.
Control of
Self
- The most excellent Jihad is that
for the conquest of self.
- The exercise of religious duty
will not atone for the fault of an abusive tongue.
- A man cannot be a Muslim till his
heart and tongue are so.
- Whoever hath been given
gentleness, hath been given a good portion in this world and the
next.
- Whoever suppresseth his anger,
when he hath in his power to show it, God will give him great
reward.
- That person is wise and sensible
who subdueth his carnal desires and hopeth for rewards from God; and he is an
ignorant man who followeth his lustful appetites, and with all this asketh for
God's forgiveness.
- May God fill the heart of that
person who suppresseth his anger with safety and faith.
- "Give me advice," said someone.
Muhammad said, "Be not angry."
- Muaz said, "At the time of my
being dispatched to the judgeship of Yemen, the last advice Muhammad gave me
was this, 'O Muaz! be of good temper towards people.' "
- He is not strong and powerful who
throweth people down; but he is strong who witholdeth himself from
anger.
- No person hath drunk a better
draught than that of anger which he hath swallowed for God's
sake.
Courtesy
- Humility and courtesy are acts of
piety.
- Verily, a man teaching his child
manners is better for him than giving one bushel of grain in
alms.
- It is not right for a guest to
stay so long as to incommode his host.
- No man hath given his child
anything better than good manners.
- "O Apostle of God! Inform, Inform
me, if I stop with a man, and he doth not entertain me, and he afterwards
stoppeth at my house, am I to entertain him or to act with him as he with did
me?" Muhammad said, "Entertain him."
- Respect people according to their
eminence.
- Being confined for room, the
Apostle of God sat down upon his legs drawn up under his thighs. A desert Arab
who was present said, "What is this way of sitting?" Muhammad said, "Verily
God hath made me a humble servant, and not a proud king."
- Abuse nobody, and if a man abuse
thee, and lay upon a vice which he knoweth in thee; then do not disclose one
which thou knowest in him.
- When victuals are placed before
you no man must stand up till it be taken away; nor must one man leave off
eating before the rest; and if he doeth he must make an apology.
- It is of my ways that a man shall
come out with his guest to the door of his house.
- Meekness and modesty are two
branches of Iman (Faith); and vain talking and embellishing are two brunches
of hypocrisy.
- When three persons are together,
two of them must not whisper to each other without letting the third hear,
until others are present, because it would hurt him.
Crimes
- The greatest crimes are to
associate another with God, to vex your father and mother, to murder your own
species, to commit suicide, and to swear to lie.
Cultivation of Land
- There is no Muslim who planteth a
tree, or soweth a field, and man, birds or beasts eat from them, but it is
charity for him.
- Whoever bringeth the dead land to
life; that is cultivateth waste land, for him is reward therein.
Dead
- And behold! a bier passed by
Muhammad, and he stood up; and it was said to him, "This is the bier of a
Jew." He said, "Was it not the holder of a soul, from which we should take
example and fear?"
- Do not speak ill of the
dead.
- When the bier of anyone passeth
by thee, whether Jew, Christian, or Muslim, rise to thy feet."
Death
- Wish not for death any of you;
neither the doer of good works, for peradventure he may increase them by an
increase of life; nor the offender, for perhaps he may obtain the forgiveness
of God by repentance. Wish not, nor supplicate for death before its time
cometh; for verily when ye die, hope is out and the ambition for reward: and
verily, the increase of a Mu'min's (Muslim's) life increaseth his good
works.
- Remember often the destroyer and
cutter off of delights, which is death.
- Not one of you must wish for
death from any worldly affliction; but if there certainly is anyone wishing
for death, he must say, "O Lord, keep me alive so long as life may be good for
me, and wish me to die when it is better for me so to do."
- The faithful do not die; perhaps
they become translated from this perishable world to the world of eternal
existence.
- Death is a blessing to a Muslim.
Remember and speak well of your dead, and refrain from speaking ill of
them.
- There are two things disliked by
the sons of Adam, one of them death; whereas it is better for Muslims than
sinning; the second is scarcity of money; whereas its account will be small in
futurity.
- The grave is the first stage of
the journey into eternity.
- Death is a bridge that uniteth
friend with friend.
- Sleep is the brother of
death.
- Muhammad said, three days before
his death, "Not one of you must die but with resignation to the will of God,
and with hope for His beneficence and pardon."
Debt
- Whoso desireth that God should
redeem him from the sorrows and travail of the last day, must delay in calling
on poor debtors, or forgive the debt in part or whole.
- A martyr shall be pardoned every
fault but debt.
- Whoso hath a thing wherewith to
discharge a debt, and refuseth to do it, it is right to dishonour and punish
him.
Deliberation
- Deliberation in undertakings is
pleasing to God.
- A good disposition, and
deliberation in affairs, and a medium in all things, are one part of
twenty-four parts of the qualities of the prophets.
Disposition to Good
- He is of the most perfect
Muslims, whose disposition is most liked by his own family.
- Verily the most beloved of you by
me, and nearest to me in the next world, are those of good dispositions; and
verily the greatest enemies to me and farthest from me, are the
ill-tempered.
- Verily the most beloved of you by
me are those of the best dispositions.
- I have been sent to explain fully
good dispositions.
- O Lord! as thou hast made my body
good, so make good my disposition.
- Two qualities are not combined in
any Muslim, avarice and bad disposition.
Disputation
- Mankind will not go astray after
having found the right road, unless from disputation.
Divorce
- Every woman who asketh to be
divorced from her husband without cause, the fragrance of the Garden is
forbidden her.
- The thing which is lawful, but
disliked by God, is divorce.
Duty of Believers
- I have left two things among you,
and you will not stray as long as you hold them fast; one is the Book of God,
the other the Laws of His Messenger.
- God hath made a straight road,
with two walls, one on each side of it, in which are open doors, with curtains
drawn across. At the top of the road is an Admonisher who saith, "Go straight
on the road, and not crooked;" and above this Admonisher is another who saith
to any who pass through these doorways, "Pass not through these doors, or
verily ye will fall." Now, the road is Islam; and the open doors are those
things which God hath forbidden; and the curtains before the doors the bounds
set by God; the Admonisher is the Koran, and the upper Admonisher God, in
the heart of every Mu'min (Muslim).
- Verily ye are ordered the divine
commandments, then forsake them not; ye are forbidden the unlawful, then do
not fall therein; there are fixed boundaries, then pass not beyond them; and
there is silence on some things without their being forgotten, then do not
debate about them.
- Happy is the Mu'min (Muslim) for
if good befalleth him, he praiseth and thanketh God; and if misfortune,
praiseth God and beareth it patiently; therefore a Mu'min is rewarded for
every good he doeth, even for his raising a morsel of food to the mouth of his
wife.
- Whoever hath eaten of pure food
and practised my laws, and mankind hath lived in security from him, will enter
into the Abode of Bliss.
- Muhammad once said to Anas, "Son,
if you are able, keep your heart from morning till night and from night till
morning, free from malice towards anyone;" then he said, "Oh! my son, this is
one of my laws, and he who loveth my laws verily loveth me."
- I admonish you to fear God, and
yield obedience to my successor, although he may be a black slave, for this
reason, that those amongst you who live after me will see great schisms.
Therefore hold fast to my ways and those of my successors, who may lead you in
the straight path, having found it themselves; and ardently seize my laws and
be firm thereto.
- There was not any Messenger sent
before me by God to mankind but found friends and companions, who embraced his
maxims and became his disciples; after which were born those who gave out
precepts which they did not practice, and did what they were ordered not to
do; therefore those who oppose them with the hand, with the tongue, and with
the heart are Mu'mins, and there is not anything in Iman besides this, even as
much as a grain of mustard seed.
- Do not associate any one thing
with God, although they kill or burn you; nor affront intentionally your
parents, although they should order you to quit your wife, your children, and
your property. Do not drink wine; for it is the root of all evil; abstain from
vice; and when a pestilence shall pervade mankind, and you shall be amongst
them, remain with them; and cherish your children.
- There are three roots to Iman
(Faith): not to trouble him who shall say 'there is no deity but God;' not to
think him an unbeliever on account of one fault; and not to discard him for
one crime.
- He is not a good Mu'min who
committeth adultery or getteth drunk, who stealeth, or plundereth, or who
embezzeleth; beware, beware.
- When asked to mention one of the
most excellent parts of Iman (Faith) Muhammad said, "To love him who loveth
God, and hate him who hateth God, and to keep your tongue employed in
repeating the name of God." What else? He said, "To do unto all men as you
would wish to have done unto you, and to reject for others what you would
reject for yourself."
- He who progresseth daily is yet
far off from the Ideal.
- When you speak, speak the truth;
perform when you promise; discharge your trust; commit not fornication; be
chaste; have no impure desires; withhold your hands from striking, and from
taking that which is unlawful or evil. The best of God's servants are those
who, when seen, remind of God; and the worst of God's servants are those who
carry tales about, to do mischief and separate friends, and seek for the
defects of the good.
- He who believeth in one God and
the Hereafter, let him speak what is good or remain silent.
- He who believeth in one God and
the life beyond, let him not injure his neighbours.
- Speak to men according to their
mental capacities, for if you speak all things to all men, some cannot
understand you, and so fall into errors.
- It is not a sixth or a tenth of a
man's devotion which is acceptable to God, but only such portions thereof as
he offereth with understanding and true devotional spirit.
- Verily your deeds will be brought
back to you, as if you yourself were the creator of your own
punishment.
- Adore God as thou wouldst if thou
sawest Him; for if thou seest Him not, He seeth thee.
- Feed the hungry and visit the
sick, and free the captive if he be unjustly confined. Assist any person
oppressed, whether Muslim or non-Muslim.
- "The duties of Muslims to each
other are six." It was asked, "What are they, O Messenger of God?" He said,
"When you meet a Muslim, greet him, and when he inviteth you to dinner,
accept; and when he asketh you for advice, give it to him; and when he
sneezeth and saith, 'Praise be to God,' do you say, 'May God have mercy upon
thee;' and when he is sick, visit him; and when he dieth, follow his
bier."
- This life is but a tillage for
the next, do good that you may reap there; for striving is the ordinance of
God and whatever God hath ordained can only be attained by
striving.
- Commandments are of three kinds;
one commands an action, the reward of which is clear, then do it; another
forbids an action which leads astray, abstain from it; and in another arise
contradictions, resign that to God.
- The world is forbidden to those
of the life to come; the life to come is forbidden to those of this
world.
- Do a good deed for every bad deed
that it may blot out the latter.
- A true Mu'min is thankful to God
in prosperity, and resigned to His will in adversity.
- That which is lawful is clear,
and that which is unlawful likewise: but there are certain doubtful things
between the two from which it is well to abstain.
- Be ye imbued with divine
qualities.
- He is true who protecteth his
brethren both present and absent.
- All Muslims are as one body. If a
man complaineth of a pain in his head, his whole body complaineth; and if his
eye complaineth, his whole body complaineth.
- All Muslims are like the
components parts of a foundation, each strengthening the others; in such a way
they must support each other.
- Assist your brother Muslim,
whether he be an oppressor or oppressed. "But how shall we do it when he is an
oppressor?" enquired a Companion. Muhammad replied, "Assisting an oppressor
consists in forbidding and withholding him from oppression."
- Muslims are brothers in religion
and they must not oppress one another, nor abandon assisting each other, nor
hold one another in contempt. The seat of righteousness is the heart;
therefore that heart which is righteous, does not hold a Muslim in contempt;
and all the things of one Muslim are unlawful to another: his blood, property,
and reputation.
- The creation is as God's family;
for its sustenance is from Him: therefore the most beloved unto God is the
person who doeth good to God's family.
- The proof of a Muslim's sincerity
is that he payeth no heed to that which is not his business.
- The Faithful are those who
perform their trust and fail not in their word, and keep their
pledge.
- No man is a true believer unless
he desireth for his brother that which he desireth for himself.
- Verily when a Muslim is taken
ill, after which God restoreth him to health, his illness hath covered his
former faults, and it is an admonition to him of what cometh in future times;
and verily, when a hypocrite is taken ill, and afterwards restored to health,
he is like a camel which has been tied up, and afterwards set free; for the
camel did not know for want of discrimination, why they tied him up and why
they turned him loose. Such is the hypocrite. On the contrary, a Mu'min
knoweth that his indisposition was to atone for his faults.
- Misfortune is always with the
Muslim and his wife, either in their persons or their property or their
children; either death or sickness; until they die, when there is no fault
upon them.
- Abusing a Muslim is disobedience
to God; and it is infidelity to fight with one.
- Every Muslim who calls a Muslim
an infidel will have the epithet returned to him.
- It is unworthy of a Mu'min to
injure people's reputation; it is unworthy to curse anyone; and it is unworthy
to abuse anyone; and it is unworthy of a Mu'min to talk vainly.
- It is better to sit alone than in
company with the bad; and it is better to sit with the good than alone. And it
is better to speak words to a speaker of knowledge than to remain silent; and
silence is better than bad words.
- Fear not the obloquy [abusive
language] of the detractor in showing God's religion.
- Refrain from seeing and speaking
of the vices of mankind, which you know are in yourself.
- Guard yourselves from six things,
and I am your security for paradise. When you speak, speak the truth; perform
when you promise; discharge your trust; be chaste in thought and action; and
withhold your hand from striking, from taking that which is unlawful, and
bad.
- That person is not of us who
inviteth others to aid him in oppression; and he is not of us who fighteth for
his tribe in injustice; and he is not of us who dieth in assisting his tribe
in tyranny.
- He is not of us who is not
affectionate to his little ones, and doth not respect the feelings of the
aged; and he is not of us who doth not order that which is good and prohibit
that which is evil.
- Ye will not enter Paradise until
ye have faith, and ye will not complete your faith until ye love one
another.
- No man hath believed perfectly,
until he wish for his brother that which he wisheth for himself.
- Verily, each of you is a mirror
to his brother: then if he seeth a vice in his brother he must tell him to get
rid of it.
- That person is not a perfect
Muslim who eateth his fill, and leaveth his neighbours hungry.
- O ye who have embraced Islam by
the tongue, and to whose hearts it hath not reached, distress not Muslims, nor
speak ill of them, nor seek for their defects.
- Do not say that if people do good
to us, we will do good to them; and if people oppress us, we will oppress
them; but determine that if people do you good, you will do good to them; and
if they oppress you, you will not oppress them.
- "Teach me a work, such that when
I perform it God and men will love me." Muhammad said, "Desire not the world,
and God will love you; and desire not what men have, and they will love
you."
- In prayers, all thoughts must be
laid aside but those of God; in conversation no word is to be uttered which
afterwards be repented of; do not covet from others, or have any hopes for
them.
- "There is a polish for everything
that taketh away rust; and the polish for the heart is the remembrance of
God." The Companions said, "Is not repelling the infidels also like this?"
Muhammad said, "No, although one fights until one's sword be
broken!"
- My Lord hath commanded me nine
things: To reverence Him, externally, and internally; to speak the truth, and
with propriety, in prosperity and adversity; moderation in affluence and
poverty; to benefit my relations and kindred, who do not benefit me; to give
alms to him who refuseth me; to forgive him who injureth me; that my silence
should be in attaining a knowledge of God; that when I speak, I should mention
Him; that when I look on God's creatures, it should be as an example for the:
and God hath ordered me to direct in that which is lawful.
- A Muslim who mixeth with people
and beareth inconveniences, is better than one who doth not mix with them and
beareth no inconveniences.
Eloquence
- Some eloquence is like
magic.
Envy
- If envy were proper, two persons
would be the most proper objects of it; one, a man to whom God hath given
riches, and appointed to bestow in charity; the other, to whom God hath
granted the knowledge of religion, and acteth thereon himself, instructing
others.
- Keep yourselves far from envy; it
eateth up and taketh away good actions, like as fire eateth up and burneth
wood.
Experience
- He is not a perfect man of
fortitude, who hath not fallen into misfortune; and there is no physician but
the experienced.
Forgiveness
- Thus saith the Lord, "Verily
those who are patient in adversity and forgive wrongs, are the doers of
excellence."
- Once Muhammad was asked, "O
Apostle of God!" How many times are we to forgive our servant's faults?" He
was silent. Again the questioner asked, and Muhammad gave no answer. But when
the man asked a third time, he said, "Forgive your servants seventy times a
day."
- There is no man who woundeth and
pardoneth the giver of the wound but God will exalt his dignity and diminish
his faults.
- That man is nearest to God, who
pardoneth, when he had in his power him who would have injured
him.
- Do not say, that if the people do
good to us, we will do good to them; and if the people oppress us, we will
oppress them; but determine that if people do you good, you will do good to
them; and if they oppress you, you will not oppress them.
Gentleness
- Verily, God is mild, and is fond
of mildness, and he giveth to the mild what he doth not to the
harsh.
- Whoever hath been given
gentleness hath been given a good portion, in this world and the
next.
- God is gentle and loveth
gentleness.
- Verily you have two qualities
which God and His Messenger love - fortitude and gentleness.
God
- Whoever loveth to meet God, God
loveth to meet him.
- God saith, "I fulfil the faith of
whoso putteth his faith in Me; and I am with him, and near him, when
remembereth Me."
- God saith, "Whoso doeth one good
act, for him are ten rewards; and I also give more to whomever I will; and
whoso doeth an ill, its punishment is equal to it, or I forgive him; and whoso
seeketh to approach Me one span, I seek to approach one cubit; and whoso
seeketh to approach Me one cubit, I seek to approach him two fathoms; and
whoso walketh towards Me, I run towards him; and whoso cometh before Me with
the earth full of sins, and believeth solely in Me, him I come before with a
front of forgiveness as big as the earth."
- God saith, "The person I hold as
a beloved, I am his hearing by which he heareth, and I am his sight by which
he seeth, and I am his hands by which he holdeth, and I am his feet by which
he walketh."
- God saith, "O Man! Only follow
thou My laws, and thou shall become like unto Me, and then say, 'Be' and
behold, It is."
- God is One, and liketh
unity.
- We were with Muhammad on a
journey, and some men stood up repeating aloud, "God is most great," and the
Rasul said, "O men! Be easy on yourselves, and do not distress yourselves by
raising your voices, verily you do not call to One deaf or absent, but verily
to One who heareth and seeth; and He is with you; and He to whom you pray is
nearer to you than your own vital vein."
- God saith, "I was a hidden
treasure. I would feign be known. So I created Man."
- Do you love your Creator? Love
your fellow-beings first.
God's Forgiveness
- Muhammad said, "I would not have
the whole wealth of the world in the place of this revelation. . . O My
servants who have oppressed your own souls by sinning, despair not of the
mercy of God." A man said, "What of him who hath associated others with God?"
Muhammad remained silent for a while and then said, "Know that him also God
forgiveth; but on repentance."
- God saith, "Verily My compassion
overcometh My wrath."
God's Kindness
- If the unbeliever knew of the
extent of the Lord's mercy, even he would not despair of
Paradise.
- God's kindness towards His
creatures is more than a mother's kindness towards her babe.
- If you put your whole trust in
God, as you ought, He most certainly will give you sustenance, as He doth the
birds; they come out hungry in the morning, but return full to their
nests.
- Trust in God, but tie it (your
camel).
- God is not merciful to him who is
not kind to mankind.
- "Do none enter the Garden of
Bliss save by God's mercy?" Muhammad said, "No. None enter save through God's
favour." "You also, O Messenger of God! Will you not enter Paradise save by
God's compassion?" Muhammad put his hand on his head and said thrice, "I shall
not enter unless God cover me with His mercy."
Good Works
- That person who relieveth a
Mu'min (Muslim) from distress in this world, God will in like manner relieve
him in the next; and he who shall do good to the indigent, God will do good to
him in this world and the next.
- Be persistent in good
actions.
Heart
- Beware! verily there is a piece
of flesh in the body of man, which when good, the whole body is good; and when
bad, the whole body is bad, and that is the heart.
- Muhammad said, "O Wabisah! are
you come to ask what is goodness and what is badness?" Wabisah said, "Yes, I
am come for that." Then he joined his fingers and struck them upon Wabisah's
breast, that is made a sign towards his heart, and said, "Ask the question
from thine own heart." This he repeated three times aloud and said, "Goodness
is a thing from which thy heart findeth firmness and rest; and badness is a
thing which throweth thee into doubt, although men may acquit
thee."
Heaven and
Hell
- Hell is veiled in delights, and
Heaven in hardships and miseries.
- Heaven lieth at the feet of
mothers.
- He will not enter hell who hath
faith equal to a mustard seed in his heart; and he will not enter Paradise who
hath a single grain of pride, equal to a mustard seed, in his
heart.
- Paradise is nearer to you than
the thongs of your sandals; and the Fire likewise.
- Deal gently with the people, and
be not harsh; cheer them and condemn them not. Ye will meet with many 'people
of the Book' who will question thee, what is the key to Heaven? Reply to them
(the key to Heaven is) to testify to the truth of God, and to do good
work.
- People asked Muhammad if to say
"There is no deity but God" was not the key to Paradise. He said, "Yes, but it
is a key which hath rewards; and if ye come with a key of that description,
Paradise will be opened to you, otherwise it will not."
- Paradise is not for him who
reproacheth others with any favour he doeth to them.
- The people entitled to the Abode
of Bliss are three; the first, a just king, a doer of good to his people
endowed with virtue; the second, an affectionate man, of a tender heart to
relations and others; the third, a virtuous man.
- Verily a man used to come before
the Rasul (Muhammad) bringing his son with him; and the Rasul said to him,
"Dost thou love this boy?" And the man said, "O Rasul of God! May God love
thee as I love this son!" Then the Rasul did not see the boy with his father
for some time; and he said, "What has become of that man's son?" They said, "O
Rasul! He is dead." And the Rasul said to the man, "Dost thou not like this,
that thou wilt find no door of Paradise but thy son will be there awaiting
thee, in order to conduct thee into Paradise?" And another man said, "O Rasul!
Is this joyful news particularly for this man, or for the whole of us?"
Muhammad said, "For all of you."
- What is Paradise? Muhammad
replied, "It is what the eye hath not seen, nor the ear heard, nor ever
flashed across the mind of man."
Hospitality
- He who believeth in one God, and
a future life, let him honour his guest.
- Whoever believeth in God and the
Hereafter must respect his guest; and whoever believeth in God and the
Hereafter must not incommode [inconvenience] his neighbours, and a Mu'min must
speak only good words, otherwise remain silent.
- It is not right for a guest to
stay so long as to incommode his host.
Humility
- Humility and courtesy are acts of
piety.
- Verily God instructs me to be
humble and lowly and not proud; and that no one should oppress
another.
- A tribe must desist from boasting
of their forefathers; if they will not leave off boasting, verily they will be
more abominable near God, than a black beetle which rolleth forward filth by
its nose; and verily God has removed from you pride and arrogance. There is no
man but either a righteous Mu'min or a sinner; mankind are all sons of Adam,
and he was from earth.
- Whoever is humble to men for
God's sake, may God exalt his eminence.
Islam
- "Inform me in the nature of
Islam," said Sufyan, "so that I may have no occasion to ask others about it."
Muhammad said, "Say, O Sufyan, 'I believe in God;' after which obey the
commandments, and abandon the things forbidden."
- Islam commenced in a forlorn
state, and will quickly return to what it was in the beginning; then be
joyful, ye who are firm.
- My religion is like clouds
dropping much rain; some of them falling on pure, favourable soil, cause grass
to grow; some of them fall in hollows from which mankind are benefited, some
fall on high lands from which benefit is not derived; then the two first are
like the persons acquainted with the religion of God and instructing others;
and the last like the person not regarding it nor accepting the right
path.
- The greatest enemies of God are
those who are entered into Islam, and do acts of infidelity, and who without
cause, shed the blood of man.
- When asked, "What is Islam?"
Muhammad said, "Abstinence and Obedience to God." Asked "What is one of the
most excellent virtues of Iman (Faith)?" He said, "An amiable disposition."
"Which is the most excellent Hijrah (Renunciation)?" He said, "Abandoning that
of which God disapproveth."
- "What is Islam?" someone asked.
Muhammad said, "purity of speech and charity."
- Every child is born with a
disposition towards the natural religion (Islam - submission to the Divine
Will). It is the parents who maketh it a Jew, Christian or a
Magian.
- Do you know what sappeth the
foundations of Islam and ruineth it? The errors of the learned destroy it, and
the disputations of the hypocrite, and the orders of kings who have lost the
road.
- Men differ like mines of gold and
silver: the good in ignorance are the good in Islam, once they have obtained
the knowledge of religion.
Jihad
- The most excellent Jihad is that
for the conquest of self.
- The ink of the scholar is more
holy than the blood of the martyr.
Kindness
- To gladden the heart of the
weary, to remove the suffering of the afflicted, hath its own reward. In the
day of trouble, the memory of the action cometh like a rush of the torrent,
and taketh our burden away.
- He who helpeth his
fellow-creature in the hour of need, and he who helpeth the oppressed, him
will God help in the Day of Travail.
- What actions are most excellent?
To gladden the heart of a human being, to feed the hungry, to help the
afflicted, to lighten the sorrow of the sorrowful, and to remove the wrongs of
the injured.
- Who is the most favoured of God?
He from whom the greatest good cometh to His creatures.
- All God's creatures are His
family; and he is the most beloved of God who doeth most good to God's
creatures.
- Whoever is kind to His creatures,
God is kind to him; therefore be kind to man on earth, whether good or bad;
and being kind to the bad, is to withhold him from badness, thus in heaven you
will be treated kindly.
- He who is not kind to God's
creatures, and to his own children, God will not be kind to him.
- Kindness is a mark of faith: and
whoever hath not kindness hath not faith.
The Koran
- The Koran consisteth of five
heads, things lawful, things unlawful, clear and positive precepts, mysteries,
and examples. Then consider that lawful which is there declared to be so, and
that which is forbidden as unlawful; obey the precepts, believe in the
mysteries, and take warning from the examples.
- Doth any of you suppose that God
hath not forbidden anything except in the Koran? Beware, for verily I swear by
God that I have ordered, and prohibited things in manner like the Koran: and
God hath not made it lawful for you to enter the houses of the People of the
Book (that is Jews, Christians, etc.) without their permission, or you beat
their women, or eat their fruits.
- The Koran was sent down in seven
dialects; and in every one of its sentences, there is an external and internal
meaning.
- The other messengers of God had
their miracles, mine is the Koran and will remain forever.
- "By what rule," said Muhammad,
"would you be guided, O Muaz, in your administration of Yeman?" "By the law of
the Koran." "But if you find no direction in the Koran?" "Then I will act
according to the example of the Messenger of God." "But if that faileth?"
"Then I will exercise my own reason and judgement."
Labour
- Pray to God morning and evening,
and employ the day in your avocations.
- He who neither worketh for
himself, nor for others, will not receive the reward of God.
- Whoso is able and fit and doth
not work for himself, or for others, God is not gracious to him.
- Those who earn an honest living
are the beloved of God.
- God is gracious to him that
earneth his living by his own labour, and not by begging.
- Whoever desireth the world and
its riches, in a lawful manner, in order to withhold himself from begging, and
for a livelihood for his family, and for being kind to his neighbour, will
come to God with his face as bright as the full moon on the fourteenth night
of the lunar month.
- Give the labourer his wage before
his perspiration be dry.
Learning
- He dieth not who giveth life to
learning.
- Whoso heareth the learned,
heareth me.
- The Messenger of God was asked,
"What is the greatest vice of man?" He said, "You must not ask me about vice,
but ask about virtue;" and he repeated this three times, after which he said,
"Know ye! The worst of men is a bad learned man, and a good learned man is the
best."
- Verily God doth not taketh away
knowledge from the hands of His servants; but taketh it by taking away the
learned; so that when no learned men remain, the ignorant will be placed at
the head of affairs. Causes will be submitted to their decision, they will
pass sentence without knowledge, will err themselves, and lead others into
error.
- An hour's contemplation is better
than a year's adoration.
- Philosophy is the stray camel of
the Faithful, take hold of it wherever ye come across it.
- Go in quest of knowledge even
unto China.
- Seek knowledge from the cradle to
the grave.
- The knowledge from which no
benefit is derived is like a treasure from which no charity is bestowed in the
way of the Lord.
- Do you know what sappeth the
foundation of Islam, and ruineth it? The errors of the learned destroy it, the
disputations of the hypocrite, and the orders of kings who have lost the
road.
- To spend more time in learning is
better than spending more time praying; the support of religion is abstinence.
It is better to teach knowledge one hour in the night than to pray all
night.
- Whoever seeketh knowledge and
findeth it, will get two rewards; one of them the reward for desiring it, and
the other for attaining it; therefore, even if he do not attain it, for him is
one reward.
- That person who shall die while
he is studying, in order to revive the knowledge of religion, will be only one
degree inferior to the prophets.
- One learned man is harder on the
devil than a thousand ignorant worshippers.
- The pursuit of knowledge is a
divine commandment for every Muslim; and to waste knowledge on those who are
unworthy of it is like putting pearls, jewels, and gold on the necks of
swine.
- That person who shall pursue the
path of knowledge, God will direct him to the path of Paradise; and verily the
superiority of a learned man over an ignorant worshipper is like that of the
full moon over all the stars.
- He who knoweth his own self,
knoweth God.
- Verily the best of God's servants
are just and learned kings; and verily the worst are bad and ignorant
kings.
- To listen to the words of the
learned, and to instil into others the lessons of science, is better than
religious exercises.
- The ink of the scholar is more
holy than the blood of the martyr.
- He who leaveth home in search of
knowledge, walketh in the path of God.
- One hour's meditation on the work
of the Creator is better than seventy years of prayer.
- God hath treasuries beneath the
Throne, the keys whereof are the tongues of poets.
- The acquisition of knowledge is a
duty incumbent one every Muslim, male and female.
- Acquire knowledge. It enableth
its possessor to distinguish right from wrong; it lighteth the way to Heaven;
it is our friend in the desert, our society in solitude, our companion when
friendless; it guideth us to happiness; it sustaineth us in misery; it is an
ornament among friends, and an armour against enemies.
- With knowledge man riseth to the
heights of goodness and to a noble position, associateth with sovereigns in
this world, and attaineth to the perfection of happiness in the
next.
- Learn to know
thyself.
- The calamity of knowledge is
forgetfulness; and to waste knowledge is to speak of it to the
unworthy.
- Who are the learned? They who
practise what they know.
Man's Growth
- The son of Man groweth and with
him grow two things - the love of wealth and love of long life.
- "Who is the best man?" Muhammad
replied, "He is the best man whose life is long and whose actions are good."
"Then who is the worst man?" "He whose life is long and whose actions are
bad.
Marriage
- Marriage is incumbent on all who
possess the ability.
- A woman may be married by four
qualifications: one on account of her money; another, on account of the
nobility of her pedigree; another on account of her beauty; the fourth, on
account of her virtue. Therefore, look out for a woman that hath virtue: but
if you do it from any other consideration, your hands be rubbed in
dirt.
Meanness
- Shall I tell you the very worst
among you? Those who eat alone, and whip the slaves, and give to
nobody.
Mishaps
- Whatever mishap may befall you,
it is on account of something which you have done.
- No misfortune or vexation
befalleth a servant of God, small or great, but on account of his faults
committed: and most of these God forgiveth.
Modesty
- True modesty is the source of all
virtues.
- Modesty and chastity are parts of
the Faith.
- Meekness and modesty are two
branches of Iman; and vain talking and embellishing are two branches of
hypocrisy.
- All kinds of modesty are
best.
Monopolies
- Monopoly is unlawful in
Islam.
- The holder of a monopoly is a
sinner and an offender.
- The bringer of grain to the city
to sell at a cheap rate gain immense advantage by it, and those who keepeth
back grain in order to sell at a high rate is cursed.
Mothers
- Heaven lieth at the feet of
mothers.
- "O Messenger of God! Verily I
have done a great crime; is there any act by which I may repent?" He said,
"Have you a mother?" "No," said the questioner. "Have you an aunt?" asked
Muhammad. He said, "Yes, I have." Muhammad said, "Go, do good to her, and your
crime will be pardoned."
- I and a woman whose colour and
cheeks shall have become black from toiling in the sun shall be near to one
another in the next world as my two fingers; and that is a handsome widow,
whose colour and cheeks shall have become black in bringing up her
family.
Muhammad The
Prophet
- I am no more than man; when I
order you anything respecting religion, receive it; and when I order you
anything about the affairs of the world, then I am nothing more than
man.
- Convey to other persons none of
my words, except those ye know of a surety.
- 'A'isha said, "A party of Jews
asked permission to go to Muhammad, and said, 'Death upon you.' And I answered
their insult by saying, 'Rather upon you be death and curse.' Then Muhammad
said, 'Be mild O A'isha! and make a point of being kind, and withhold thyself
from speaking harshly.' I said, 'Did you not hear what they said?' He said,
'Verily, I do always say,' "Be the same to you."'
- Verily my heart is veiled with
melancholy and sadness for my followers; and verily I ask pardon of God one
hundred times daily.
- Zaidd, Muhammad's servant, said,
"I served Muhammad ten years, and he never said 'uff,' to me; and never said,
'Why did you do so?' and never said, 'Why did you not do so?'"
Muhammad The Prophet's
Kindness
- Once Muhammad was distributing
meat in Jiranah; and behold a woman came close to him, and he spread his
garment for her to sit upon. When people saw such respect paid to this woman,
they asked who she was; and those present said, "This is his
nurse."
- When anyone was sick Muhammad
used to rub his hands upon the sick person's body, saying, "O Lord of mankind!
Take away this pain, and give health; for Thou art the giver of health: there
is no health but Thine, that health which leaveth no sickness."
Muhammad The Prophet's
Mission
- Kais b. Sal said: "I came to
Hirah, and saw the inhabitants worshipping their chief; and I said, 'Verily
the Apostle of God is worthy of being worshipped.' Then I came to the Apostle
and said, 'I saw the people of Hirah worshipping the chief of their tribe, and
you are most worthy of being worshipped.' Then Muhammad said to me, 'Tell me,
if you should pass by my grave, would you worship it?' I said, 'No.' And he
said, 'Worship not me.'"
- The Apostle was in the midst of a
crowd of his Companions, and a camel came and prostrated itself before him.
They said, "O Apostle of God! Beasts and trees worship thee; then it is meet
for us to worship thee." Muhammad said, "Worship God, and you may honour your
brother, that is me."
- When the ambassadors of Bani Amir
went to Muhammad, they said, "You are our master." He said, "God is your
master." Then they said, "You are most excellent of the highest degree." And
when he heard this he said, "Say so, or less, and do not exceed reasonable
bounds in praise."
- Muhammad slept upon a mat, and
got up very marked on the body by it: and someone said, "O Messenger of God!
If thou hadst ordered me, I would have spread a soft bed for thee." Muhammad
said, "What business have I with the world? I am a man on horseback, who
standeth under the shade of a tree, then leaveth it."
- To the light I have attained and
in the light I live.
- It was said to the Rasul, "O
Messenger of God! Curse the infidels." Muhammad said, "I am not sent for this;
nor was I sent but as mercy to mankind."
- Kais b. Sal said: "I came to
Hirah, and saw the inhabitants worshipping their chief; and I said, 'Verily
the Apostle of God is worthy of being worshipped.' Then I came to the Apostle
and said, 'I saw the people of Hirah worshipping the chief of their tribe, and
you are most worthy of being worshipped.' Then Muhammad said to me, 'Tell me,
if you should pass by my grave, would you worship it?' I said, 'No.' And he
said, 'Worship not me.' "
- The Apostle was in the midst of a
crowd of his Companions, and a camel came and prostrated itself before him.
They said, "O Apostle of God! Beasts and trees worship thee; then it is meet
for us to worship thee." Muhammad said, "Worship God, and you may honour your
brother, that is me."
- When the ambassadors of Bani Amir
went to Muhammad, they said, "You are our master." He said, "God is your
master." Then they said, "You are most excellent of the highest degree." And
when He heard this He said, "Say so, or less, and do not exceed reasonable
bounds in praise."
- Muhammad slept upon a mat, and
got up very marked on the body by it: and someone said, "O Messenger of God!
If thou hadst ordered me, I would have spread a soft bed for thee." Muhammad
said, "What business have I with the world? I am a man on horseback, who
standeth under the shade of a tree, then leaveth it."
- To the light I have attained and
in the light I live.
- It was said to the Rasul, "O
Messenger of God! Curse the infidels." Muhammad said, "I am not sent for this;
nor was I sent but as mercy to mankind."
Muhammad The Prophet's
Prayers
- Muhammad used to say after making
the profession of faith, "O Lord I supplicate Thee for firmness in faith, and
inclination towards the straight path, and for Thine aid in being grateful to
Thee, and in adoring Thee in every good way; and I supplicate Thee for an
innocent heart which shall not incline to wickedness and for a true tongue. I
supplicate Thee to guide me to all which Thou knowest to be virtuous and to
preserve me from al which Thou knowest to be vicious. I supplicate Thee to
forgive me my faults for Thou knowest them all.
- When the Messenger of God entered
a place of worship he said, "O God! Pardon my sins, and open for me the gates
of Thy compassion," and on leaving he would repeat the same.
- O Lord grant to me the love of
Thee; grant that I love those that love Thee; grant that I may do the deed
than win Thy love; make thy love dearer to me than self, family and
wealth.
- O Lord! I make my complaint unto
thee, of my feebleness, the vanity of my efforts. I am insignificant in the
sight of men, O Thou Most Merciful! Lord of the weak! Thou art my Lord!
Forsake me not. Leave me not a prey to strangers, nor to mine enemies. If Thou
art not displeased, I am safe. I seek refuge in the light of Thy countenance
by which all darkness is dispelled, and peace cometh in the here and
Hereafter. Solve Thou my difficulties as it pleaseth Thee. There is no power,
no strength, save in Thee.
Neighbourliness
- The best of persons in God's
sight is the best amongst his friends; and the best of neighbours near God is
the best person in his own neighbourhood.
- A Muslim who mixeth with people
and putteth up with their inconveniences, is better than one who doth not mix
with them, and bear with patience.
- Do you love your Creator? Love
your fellow-beings first.
Omens
- Of my disciples who will enter
Paradise are those who do not use shells (do not consult oracles), and are not
influenced by omens, like the people of Ignorance, and who put their whole
trust in God.
Orphans
- I and the guardian of orphans
(whether the orphan be of his near or distant relations, or of strangers) will
be in one place in the next world; like my two fingers, nearly touching each
other.
- The best Muslim house is that in
which is an orphan, who is benefited; and the worst Muslim house is that in
which an orphan is ill-treated.
Parents
- Heaven lieth at the feet of
mothers.
- God's pleasure is in a father's
pleasure; and God's displeasure is in a father's displeasure.
- He who wisheth to enter Paradise
at the best door must please his father and mother.
- A man is bound to do good to his
parents, although they may have injured him.
- There is no child, a doer of good
to his parents, who looketh on them with kindness and affection, but God will
grant with every look the rewards for an approved pilgrimage.
Peacemaking
- Shall I not inform you of a
better act than fasting, alms, and prayers? Making peace between one another:
enmity and malice tear up heavenly rewards by the roots.
Poetry
- Some poetry is dressed in
knowledge and art.
- The truest words spoken by any
poet are those of Labid: "Know that everything is vanity save
God."
- God hath treasures beneath the
Throne, the keys whereof are the tongues of poets.
- Some poetry containeth much
wisdom.
Poverty
- Poverty is my
pride.
- Poverty may well become a cause
of infidelity.
- O Lord! Keep me alive a poor man
and let me die poor and raise me amongst the poor.
- O A'isha! Do not turn the poor
away, without giving them, if but half a date.
- Seek for my satisfaction in that
of the poor and needy.
- A man came to Muhammad and said,
"Verily I love you." He replied, "Look to what you say," and repeated the same
twice. Lord Muhammad said, "If you are sincere, then prepare yourself for
poverty: for poverty reacheth him who loveth me quicker than a torrent
reacheth the sea.
Prayer
- Prayer is the Mir'aj (union with,
or annihilation in, the Divine Essence by means of continual upward progress)
of the Faithful.
- The Lord doth not regard a prayer
in which the heart doth not accompany the body.
- He whom prayer preventeth not
from wrongdoing and evil, increaseth in naught save in remoteness from the
Lord.
- The key of Paradise is Prayer,
and the key of prayer is ablution.
- Say your prayers standing; but if
you are not able, sitting; and if unable, on your sides.
Pride
- The proud will not enter
Paradise, nor a violent speaker.
- He will not enter Hell, who hath
faith equal to a single grain of mustard seed in his heart; and he will not
enter Paradise, who hath pride equal to a single grain of mustard seed, in his
heart.
- Muhammad said, "That person will
not enter Paradise who hath one atom of pride in his heart." And a man present
said, "Verily, a man is fond of having good clothes and good shoes." Muhammad
said, "God is Beauty and delighteth in the beautiful; but pride is holding man
in contempt."
Progress
- Everyone is divinely furthered in
accordance with his character.
- It is your own conduct which will
lead you to reward or punishment, as if you had been destined
therefor.
- Every human being hath two
inclinations - one prompting him to good and impelling him thereto, and the
other prompting him to evil and thereto impelling him; but Divine assistance
is nigh, and he who asketh the help of God in contending with the evil
promptings of his own heart obtaineth it.
- The best of good acts in God's
sight is that which is constantly attended to although in a small
degree.
Prophecies
- Verily ye are in an age in which
if ye neglect one-tenth of what is ordered, ye will be doomed. After this a
time will come, when he who shall observe one-tenth of what is now ordered
will be redeemed.
- Men will be liars towards the end
of the world; and will relate such stories as neither you nor your fathers
ever heard. Then avoid them, that they may not lead you astray and throw you
into contention and strife.
- The time is near in which nothing
will remain of Islam but its name, and of the Koran but its mere appearance,
and the mosques of Muslims will be destitute of knowledge and worship; and the
learned will be the worst people under the heavens; and contention and strife
will issue from them, and it will return upon themselves.
- Ye follower of Muhammad, I swear
by the Lord, if ye did but know what I know of the future state, verily ye
would laugh little and cry much.
- Verily, of things which I fear
for you, after my departure from the world, is this: that the ornaments and
goods of the world may be pleasing to you. Then a man said, "O Messenger of
God! Doth good bring harm?" Muhammad said, "Verily good doth not bring
harm: I mean if there be much wealth it is a blessing; and there is no harm in
it, unless from stinginess and extravagance; like the spring, which causeth
nothing to grow but what is good: and harm and destruction are from abuse
thereof."
Punishment
- God doth not remove anyone out of
the world, but that he wisheth to pardon him; and by the diseases of his body
and distress for food, He exacteth the punishment of every fault that lieth on
his shoulder.
- Verily the reward is as great as
the misfortune; that is, the more unfortunate and calamitous one is, the
greater and more perfect his reward. And verily, when God loveth a people, He
entangleth it in misfortune; therefore, he who is resigned to the pleasure of
God, in misfortune, for him is God's favour.
Purity
- They will enter the Garden of
Bliss who have a true, pure, and merciful heart.
- Religion is admonition, and it
means being pure.
Reason
- God hath not created anything
better than Reason, or anything more perfect, or more beautiful than Reason;
the benefits which God giveth are on its account; and understanding is by it,
and God's wrath is caused by disregard of it.
Relatives
- The best of you, before God and
His creation, are those who are best in their own families, and I am the best
to my family.
- He is the most perfect of
Muslims, whose disposition is most liked by his own family.
- The favour of God doth not
descend upon that family in which is one who deserts his
relations.
- He is not a perfect performer of
the duties of relationship who doeth good to his relatives as they do good to
him. He is perfect who doeth good to his relatives when they do not do good to
him.
- O Messenger of God! Verily I have
done a great crime; is there any act by which I may repent? He said, "Have you
a mother?" "No," said the questioner. "Have you an aunt?" asked Muhammad. He
said, "Yes, I have." Muhammad said, "Go, do good to her, and your crime will
be pardoned."
- The duty of a junior to a senior
brother is as that of a child to its father.
- Giving alms to the poor hath the
reward of one alms; but that given to kindred hath two rewards; one, the
reward of alms, the other, the reward of helping relations.
- A man's first charity should be
to his own family, if poor.
Repentance
- A sincere repenter of faults is
like him who hath committed none.
Reverence
- Muhammad said one day to his
Companions, "Reverence God as becometh you." They said, "Verily, O Apostle of
God, we do reverence Him, and praise be to God who hath imbued us with it."
Then Muhammad said, "It is not so; but whoever reverenceth God as it is
suitable for him to do must guard his head from humbling itself to others, and
from pride and arrogance towards God and God's creatures; he must guard his
senses from whatever is wrong, and must guard his mouth from eating forbidden
things, and his heart from receiving what is prohibited; and he must keep his
death in mind, and the rotting of his bones. And whoever wisheth for future
rewards must abandon the ornaments of the world. Therefore, anyone attending
to the aforementioned points has verily reverenced God as it his duty to
do.
Riches
- Riches are not from and abundance
of worldly goods but from a contented mind.
- It is difficult for a man laden
with riches to climb the steep path which leads to bliss.
- Whoever desireth the world and
its riches, in a lawful manner, in order to withhold himself from begging, and
for a livelihood for his family, and for being kind to his neighbour, will
come to God with his face bright as the full moon on the fourteenth night of
the lunar month.
- Wealth, properly employed, is a
blessing; and a man may lawfully endeavour to increase it by honest
means.
Seemliness
- A Bedouin was standing in the
mosque of the Prophet, and defiled it; when he was immediately taken hold of;
and Muhammad said, "Let him alone, and throw a skin of water upon the spot;
because ye were not created but of comforters and not sent to create
hardships." And they let him alone till he had done, and then Muhammad called
the Bedouin to him, and said, "This mosque is not a proper place for that, or
any kind of filth; mosques are only for the mention of God, saying prayers,
and reading the Koran."
Self Indulgence
- Muhammad asked his Companions,
"What are your opinions of the merits of that person, who drinketh liquor,
committeth adultery, and stealeth? What should his punishment be?" They said,
"God and His Messenger know best." He said, "These are great sins, and the
punishment for them very dire."
Servants
- To those of your servants who
please you give to eat what you eat yourself; and clothe them as yourself; but
those who do not please you, part with them; and punish not God's
creatures.
- He will not enter Paradise who
behaveth ill to his slaves. The Companions said, "O Apostle of God! have you
not told us, that there will be a great many slaves and orphans amongst your
disciples?" He said, "Yes; then be kind to them as to your own children, and
give them to eat what you eat yourselves. The slaves that say their prayers
are your brothers.
- Zaid, Muhammad's servant, said,
"I served Muhammad ten years, and he never said 'uff,' to me; and never said,
'Why did you do so?' and never said, 'Why did you not do so?'"
Sick
- There is not any Muslim who
visiteth another in sickness, in the forenoon, but that seventy thousand
angels send blessings upon him till the evening; and there is no one who
visiteth the sick, in the afternoon, but that seventy thousand angels send
blessings upon him till daybreak, and there will be a pardon for him in
Paradise.
- Feed the hungry and visit a sick
person, and free the captive, if he be unjustly confined. Assist any person
oppressed, whether Muslim or non-Muslim.
- Whoever visiteth a sick person,
an angel calleth from heaven, "Be happy in the world, and happy be your
walking, and take you a habitation in Paradise." Whoever visiteth a sick
person always entereth into and swims in a sea of mercy until he sitteth down;
and when he sitteth, he is drowned therein.
- When you go to visit the sick,
comfort his grief and say, "You will get well and live long," because although
this saying will not prevent what is predestined, it will solace his
soul.
- Verily God will say on the Day of
Judgement, O children of Adam! I was sick and ye did not visit Me." And the
sons of Adam will say, "O our defender, how could we visit Thee? For thou art
the Lord of the Universe, and art free from sickness." And God will say, "O
men! Such a one was sick and you did not visit him." And God will say, "O
children of Adam, I asked you for food, and ye gave it me not?" And the
children of Adam will say, "O our patron, how could we give Thee food, seeing
Thou art the cherisher of the Universe, and art free from hunger and eating?"
And God will say, "Such a one asked you for bread and you did not give it
him.
Silence
- Much silence and a good
disposition, there are no two works better than those.
Sin
- Can anyone walk through water
without wetting his feet? The Companions replied, "No;" Muhammad said, "Such
is the condition of those of the world; they are not safe from
sins."
Truth
- He is not of me who, when he
speaketh, speaketh falsely; who, when he promiseth, breaketh his promises; and
who, when trust is reposed in him, faileth in his trust.
- No man is true in the truest
sense of the word but he who is true in work, in deed, and in
thought.
- Strive always to excel in virtue
and truth.
- It is not worthy of a speaker of
truth to curse people.
- Appropriate to yourselves the
truth. Avoid lying.
- Say what is true, although it may
be bitter and displeasing to people.
Understanding
- It is not a sixth or a tenth of a
man's devotion which is acceptable to God, but only such portions thereof as
he offereth with understanding and true devotional spirit.
- Verily, a man hath performed
prayers, fasts, charity, pilgrimage and all other good works; but he will not
be rewarded except by the proportion of his understanding.
Usury
- The taker of usury and the giver
of it, and the writer of its papers and the witness to it, are equal in
crime.
Widows
- A giver of maintenance to widows
and the poor, is like a bestower in the way of God, an utterer of prayers all
the night, and a keeper of constant fast.
- I and a woman whose colour and
cheeks shall have become black from toiling in the sun shall be near to one
another in the next world as my two fingers; and that is a handsome widow,
whose colour and cheeks shall have become black in bringing up her
family.
Wives
- Admonish your wives with
kindness.
- A Muslim must not hate his wife;
and if he be displeased with one bad quality in her, then let him be pleased
with another that is good.
- Do you beat your own wife as you
would a slave? That must you not do.
- I (Muaviyah b. Haidah) said, "O
Apostle of God! What is my duty to my wife?" He said, "That you give her to
eat as you eat yourself, and clothe her as you clothe yourself; and do not
slap her in the face nor abuse her, nor separate yourself from her in
displeasure.
- Give your wife good counsel; and
if she has goodness in her, she will soon take it, and leave off idle talking;
and do not beat your noble wife like a slave.
- Muhammad said, "Beat not your
wives." Then Umar came to the Rasul (Muhammad) and said, "Wives have got the
upper hand from hearing this."
- He is the most perfect Muslim
whose disposition is best; and the best of you are they who behave best to
their wives.
- A virtuous wife is a man's best
treasure.
Women
- Women are the twin halves of
men.
- The world and all things in it
are valuable; but the most valuable thing in the world is a virtuous
woman.
- The best women are the virtuous;
they are the most affectionate to infants, and the most careful of their
husband's property.
- When a woman performeth the five
times of prayer, and fasteth the month of Ramadan, and is chaste, and is not
disobedient to her husband, then tell her to enter Paradise by whichever door
she liketh.
- Verily a great number of women
are assembled near my family, complaining of their husbands; and those men who
ill-treat their wives do not behave well. He is not of my way who teacheth a
woman to stray.
- Asma, daughter of Yazid, said,
"Victuals were brought to Muhammad, and he put them before some of us women
who were present, and said, 'Eat ye.' But notwithstanding we were hungry we
said, 'We have no inclination.' Muhammad said, 'O woman! Do not mix hunger
with lies.'"
- Whoever doeth good to girls, it
will be a curtain to him from hell-fire.
- Whoever befriendeth two girls
till they come of age, will be in the next world along with me, like my two
fingers joining each other.
- Whoever befriendeth three
daughters, or three sisters, and teacheth them manners, and is affectionate to
them, till they come of age, may God apportion Paradise for him.
- Whoever hath a daughter, and doth
not bury her alive or scold her, or prefer his male children to her, may God
bring him into Paradise.
- Shall I not point out to you the
best of virtues? It is your doing good to your daughter when she is returned
to you having been divorced by her husband.
- God enjoins you to treat women
well, for they are your mothers, daughters, aunts.
- The rights of women are sacred.
See that women are maintained in the rights assigned to them.
- Do not prevent your women from
coming to the mosque.
World
- The love of the world is the root
of all evil.
- This world is a prison for the
Faithful, but a Paradise for unbelievers.
- The world is a magician greater
than Harut and Marut, and you should avoid it.
- The world is sweet in the heart,
and green to the eye; and verily God hath brought you, after those that went
before you: then look to your actions, and abstain from the world and its
wickedness.
- The world is as a prison and as a
famine to Muslims; and when they leave it you may say they leave famine and a
prison.
- Be in the world like a traveller,
or like a passer on, and reckon yourself as of the dead.
- Cursed is this world and cursed
is all that is in this world, except the remembrance of God and that which
aideth thereto
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